We would like to extend an offer for your unit to Essays

We would like to extend an offer for your unit to march in the 2018 Mardi Gras Parade of the Krewe of Iris. For marching in this parade you will receive an honorarium of $1000 for the Band and $500 for the Band Director which will be mailed to you at the below address within one week after the parades. The invitation to participate in the above-mentioned parades is for your unit alone and does not include any other unit marching or riding with you. In order to reserve your spot, please fill out the form below and return it to us. Your spot is not reserved until we receive this completed form and send you back a copy with our signature. Additionally, you agree to the following items: . The parade Krewes do not allow motorized vehicles to accompany any units in the parade unless special permission is obtained. . As the band director of Samuel J. Green Charter School you are responsible for the proper performance, discipline and behavior of the entire unit, including drill teams, marching groups, majorettes, band members, chaperones, guards, equipment or vehicle operators (if authorized), and any other personnel accompanying your unit. . New Orleans law states no one under the age of 12 is allowed to march in a Mardi Gras parade. You certify that no child marching in your unit will be under the age of 12. . If you have to cancel your participation in this parade, please inform us immediately. Two or three weeks before the parades, we will send you final and complete instructions. If you are an out-of-town unit, please begin immediately to make arrangements for your housing. What space is available is limited and goes quickly. We have relationships with several hotels that offer preferred rates to our bands. We can share this hotel information if needed. If you need any information before that time, feel free to call us. _________________________________________ __________________________________(______) DIRECTOR (SIGNED) SCHOOL'S NAME & NUMBER IN THE UNIT _________________________________________ __________________________________________ DIRECTOR'S HOME ADDRESS SCHOOL ADDRESS _________________________________________ __________________________________________ CITY, STATE CITY, STATE & ZIP CODE (UNIT) _________________________________________ __________________________________________ CELL PHONE # (DIRECTOR) SCHOOL PHONE NUMBER _________________________________________ __________________________________________ EMAIL ADDRESS SCHOOL FAX NUMBER _________________________________________ __________________________________________ MARDI GRAS PARADE BANDS, LLC (SIGNED) DATE ----------------------- [pic] Mardi Gras Parade Bands II 448 Pearre Springs Way Franklin, TN 37064 [emailprotected] Michael Gonzales [emailprotected] Matthew Gonzales [emailprotected] Meagan Gonzales [emailprotected] Christa Gonzales [emailprotected]

Definition and Discussion of Feminist Rhetoric

Definition and Discussion of Feminist Rhetoric Feminist rhetoric is the study and practice of feminist discourses in public and private life. In content, says Karlyn Kohrs Campbell*, feminist rhetoric drew its premises from a radical analysis of patriarchy, which identified the man-made world as one built on the oppression of women...In addition, it incorporates a style of communication known as consciousness-raising (Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition, 1996). See Examples and Observations below. Also, the following readings provide examples and related concepts: Seneca Falls ResolutionsLanguage and Gender StudiesSusan B. Anthony and the struggle for womens right to voteRogerian Argument Examples and Observations The following examples and observations consider feminist rhetoric through different lenses, offering more contexts for understanding. Evolution of Feminist Rhetoric In the 1980s, feminist rhetoric scholars began making three moves: writing women into the history of rhetoric, writing feminist issues into theories of rhetoric, and writing feminist perspectives into rhetorical criticism. Initially, these scholars drew on feminist scholarship from other disciplines...Once inspired, however, feminist rhetoric scholars began writing scholarship from the site of rhetoric and composition... In the midst of this scholarly activity, intersections of rhetoric and feminist studies have been institutionalized within rhetoric and composition studies, thanks largely to the work of the Coalition of Women Scholars in the History of Rhetoric and Composition, which was organized by Winifred Horner, Jan Swearingen, Nan Johnson, Marjorie Curry Woods, and Kathleen Welch in 1988-1989 and was carried on by scholars such as Andrea Lunsford, Jackie Royster, Cheryl Glenn, and Shirley Logan. In 1996, the first edition of the coalitions newsletter, Peitho, was published by [Susan] Jarratt. Source: Krista Ratcliffe, The Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries. The Present State of Scholarship in the History of Rhetoric: A Twenty-First Century Guide, ed. by Lynà ©e Lewis Gaillet with Winifred Bryan Horner. University of Missouri Press, 2010 Rereading the Sophists We see a more community-based social version of feminist ethics in Susan Jarratts Rereading the Sophists. Jarratt views sophistic rhetoric as a feminist rhetoric and one with significant ethical implications. The sophists believed that law and truth derived from nomoi, local habits or customs that could change from city to city, region to region. The philosophers in the Platonic tradition, of course, challenged this sort of relativism, insisting on the ideal of Truth (logos, universal laws that would be acommunal). Source: James E. Porter, Rhetorical Ethics and Internetworked Writing. Ablex, 1998 Reopening the Rhetorical Canon The feminist rhetorical canon has been guided by two primary methodologies. One is feminist rhetorical recovery of previously ignored or unknown women rhetors. The other is theorizing of womens rhetorics, or what some have called gendered analysis, which involve developing a rhetorical concept or approach that accounts for rhetors who are excluded from traditional rhetoric. Source: K.J. Rawson, Queering Feminist Rhetorical Canonization. Rhetorica in Motion: Feminist Rhetorical Methods Methodologies, ed. by Eileen E. Schell and K.J. Rawson. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2010 [F]eminist rhetoric frequently occurs away from the platforms and statehouses of government. Feminist scholarship in rhetorical studies, as Bonnie Dow reminds us, must turn its attention to the variety of contexts in which feminist struggle occurs. Source: Anne Teresa Demo, The Guerrilla Girls Comic Politics of Subversion. Visual Rhetoric: A Reader in Communication and American Culture, ed. by Lester C. Olson, Cara A. Finnegan, and Diane S. Hope. Sage, 2008 A Feminist Rhetoric of Motives A feminist rhetoric of motives can recover the voices and philosophies of women in classical antiquity by restoring to feminine traits and voices the honor of a tradition (see [Marilyn] Skinner) and by granting them the human quality of agency (see, e.g., [Judith] Hughes). [James L.] Kinneavy wants to recover the positive aspects of persuasion under the heading of the audiences volition, free will, and assent, and is successful in this enterprise by borrowing for pisteuein [belief] elements gleaned from scanning forward into Christian pistis. The feminine aspects of persuading that have been denigrated as seduction can be similarly rescued through an examination of the close ties among emotion, love, adhesion, and persuasion in the pre-Socratic lexicon. Source: C. Jan Swearingen, Pistis, Expression, and Belief. A Rhetoric of Doing: Essays on Written Discourse in Honor of James L. Kinneavy, ed. by Stephen P. Witte, Neil Nakadate, and Roger D. Cherry. Southern Illinois University Press, 1992

E-Learning in Dental Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

E-Learning in Dental Education - Essay Example According to the essay findings the context of explaining dentistry alongside education refers to the need with which the required education can be imparted to students. Students receive knowledge and information in a number of ways ranging from classroom teaching to reading books to tapes and videos as also live demonstrations. But, as far as the theoretical knowledge and the sharing of opinion and views are concerned, the volume of information that is available today has called for a need to look towards a different medium of providing this information. The rise in the popularity of the internet and its accompanying popular methods of teaching have not only allowed the prospect of making information to be available, but also allowed it to be searchable and presented in a number of electronic formats. From the discussion it is clear that dental science is one of the most widely researched medical sciences in the world today, where new discoveries are being made every day. With tooth decay being acknowledged as the most common disease in the world, it is no doubt that one of the most visited professional during a person’s lifetime is a dentist. Studying to become a dentist requires years of study and practice as the science of studying one’s set of teeth is enormous. The basic requirement for information and knowledge in the modern world is to allow it to be shared and made widely available.

Child Abuse and Neglect of Children with Disabilities Article

Child Abuse and Neglect of Children with Disabilities - Article Example Turner et. al. (2011) had a wide sample of over 4,000 participants thus making their findings reliable. They also gave possible explanations as to why certain ability types attracted certain forms of victimizations. It was laudable that they used a comprehensive definition of disability types and did not ignore other less-visible types of disability like anxiety and post traumatic disorder. One key problem with the research is that it relied on children’s or parent’s self-reported diagnosis of a disability (Babbie, 2007). It is likely that some individuals may be suffering from a disability and do not even know it. Additionally, participants with more than one disability could have confounded the outcomes. If a form of victimization caused a disability earlier on in the participant’s life, then a cycle of victimization may result, yet the researchers were not concerned with this past. Their findings were different from others because they can assist in understanding how child abuse arises among disabled children. This can cause stakeholders to work towards eliminating those risks (Finkelhon et. al., 2005). Also, because the research looked at the rate of victimization among disability types, it would be possible to determine which groups are highly at risk and work on protecting them. Hill et. al. (2011) sought to find out the prevalence of children with disabilities in the welfare system. They did so by collecting data from Minnesota’s welfare system and noting the quantity of individuals in this group. They also looked at the relationship between being identified as disabled and having a substantiated maltreatment or possessing certain demographic traits. The association between out-of-home placement and child disability in the welfare system is studied; the hypotheses were proved. This research is impressive because it considered an unlikely and often ignored category of children

Recommendation paper about google Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Recommendation paper about google - Essay Example Based upon the SWOT analysis, the summary of the important recommendations that are provided for the direction of Google’s strategy are as follows (a) tailoring its product to suit local markets rather than adopting a one-size-fits-all strategy (b) integrating its products to allow customers to shift seamlessly from one product to the other (c) moving into the social networking domain and (d) addressing privacy issues in order to promote widespread use of its products. The company is named â€Å"Google†, a play on the word â€Å"Googol† that is a mathematical term for the number 1 followed by a hundred zeros.(www.google.com). This represents the spirit of the company, to be constantly innovating and branching out into new areas, so that the company has now evolved into a global enterprise employing 16,800 people and reporting revenues of $16,594 million for the fiscal year ended December 2007.(Datamonitor, 2008). But as this report will demonstrate, staying at the forefront of innovation is important, but so is consolidation of the gains that Google has achieved so far, as well as effective integration and streamlining of its products and operations. Google has been at the forefront of innovation over the years, continuously adding improved features. Some of these include AdWords, Google Scholar, Google Earth and Froogle. Over a short period of twelve years, the company has evolved into a global technology leader that is focused upon improving the ways in which people connect with information. It occupies a strong market position through the use of its proprietary technology and infrastructure (DataMonitor, 2008). It’s AdWords and AdSense programs have been significant generators of revenue from advertising. But the weaknesses in the company are the failure to effectively integrate products, and a weak presence in the social networking domain. The company also faces competitive threats from companies

Influence of Trade Unions on Collective Bargaining

Influence of Trade Unions on Collective Bargaining Critically Evaluate Trade Union Strategies to increase the influence of collective bargaining with Multi National Corporations as a means of regulating terms and conditions of employment To reply the question above, firstly we should know what are trade unions? The answer to that is, A trade union (British ) or labor union (American) is an organization of labourers who have bonded together to achieve same goals such as better working conditions. The labour union, through its leadership, bargain with the multinationals on behalf of trade union members and negotiates worker contracts (collective bargaining) with employers. This may include the negotiation of pay, work rules, complaint procedures, rules governing hiring, firing and promotion of workers, benefits, workplace safety and policies. The agreement negotiated by the trade union leaders are binding on the rank and file members and the employer and in some cases on other non-member workers. (First published by George Allen and Unwin Ltd (London) in 1952, and subject of reprints Foreword by Arthur Deakin) Discovered in Europe, trade unions became famous in many countries during the Industrial Revolution, when the lack of skill necessary to perform most jobs shifted employment bargaining power almost completely to the employers side, causing many workers to be mistreated and underpaid. Labour union organizations may be consist of individual workers, professionals, past workers, or the unemployed. The most common, but by no means only, purpose of these organizations is maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment. Published by Batch worth Press (London) in 1949 In last 300 years, many trade unions has developed in different form, influenced be different political parties for their objectives which include Provision of benefits to members, Collective bargaining Trade unions put many efforts in collective bargaining with multinational organizations. Now what collective bargaining is? Collective bargaining is a process between employers and workers to reach a decision regarding the rights and duties of workers at work. Collective bargaining aims to reach a collective agreement which usually sets out issues such as employees pay, working hours, training, health and safety, and rights to participate in workplace or company affairs. During the bargaining process, employees are typically represented by a trade union. The union may negotiate with a one employer (who is typically representing a companys shareholders) or may negotiate with a federation of businesses, depending on the country, to reach an industry wide agreement. Buidens, Wayne, and others. Collective Gaining: A Bargaining Alternative. Phi Delta Kappan 63 (1981): 244-245 A collective agreement work as a labor contract between an employer and one or more unions. Collective bargaining is a process of negotiation between members of a labour union and employers (generally represented by management, in some countries by an employers organization) in respect of the terms and conditions of employment of employees, such as wages, hours of work, working conditions and grievance-procedures, and about the rights and responsibilities of trade unions. The parties often refer to the result of the negotiation as a collective bargaining. Answering the question Trade Union Strategies to increase the influence of collective bargaining with Multi National Corporations as a means of regulating terms and conditions of employment Moving further we have to evaluate trade union strategies to increase the influence of collective bargaining by enlarging maturity of collective bargaining implies larger of the rational wayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ This reasonable procedure involves the employee, employer, and union settling on the basis of facts rather than name-calling, table pounding, and emotionalism (Sloane, Witney, 203-204). Therefore, in order to make collective bargaining more rational certain procedure are taken in to action. Edward Peters has written a guide to better negotiating titled Strategy and Tactics in Labor Talks. In this book he suggest good wayss for obtaining a more rational negotation. The first important step toward better bargaining is to realize the essential purpose of talks and importance of talks. In a bargaining conflict, there are three main activities in which each party is involved: (1) attempt to impress each other, the workers, and public opinion by advocating the merits of their current pos itions; (2) indicate bonding to each other; and (3) explore the prospectus, in terms of each others maximum and minimum expectancies, of a settlement without an economic contest, or, at worst, a contest of minimum duration (Peters, Edward, 41). Peters says that cosmopolitan bargainers often underestimate the importance of good preparation and presentation of their position because they feel that these are just window dressing for the harsh realities of economic strength (Peters, 42). It is true that economic strength is important, but a position reinforced by logic and reason can often exert a crucial influence (Peters, 42). Another step toward better talks is preparation and the setting of realistic goals. Peters states that the pragmatic or impracticality of a collective bargaining goal is a matter of foresight, not something to be determined by hindsight (Peters, 60). An example of this that pertains to management is that sometimes there are items that a labour union cannot and w ill not grant. If management does not prepare enough and makes the assumption that the union can and will negotiate on any proposal submitted by management, they risk the possibility of strikes. There are many other issues overwhich trade unions may agreee to lose a plant in an economic contest rather than endanger itself with a big group (Peters, 60). If the administrations set more realistic goals then the results may not be that harmful. In order to set realistic goals, a criteria for realistic goals must be established. Most conveyour, according to Peters, would agree that a realistic goal, to be attained without an economic contest, must be based on the following minimum considerations: (1) has the other party the ability to grant the issue? The employer must be able to grant the issue without any serious damage to operations. The union must be able to grant the issue without issue without serious internal injury, or any danger to an organization, or losing out to a rival union ; also wi thout seriously impairing its external relationships in the labor movement, or with other employers; are you warranted, by your strength, in setting such a goal? (3) Is your goal within the bargaining expectancy of the other party? This last point may be disregarded only if you are ready to wage an economic contest for your minimum goal (Peters, 61-62). These criteria should be fully examined before setting any goal or pressing any issue in a labor negotiation. Priorities must be established and ranked in order of impact and importance (Richardson, Reed C., 128). Even though setting realistic goals help in talks, a course of action must be pursued in order to obtain those goals. Prestige plays an essential role in talks. Reputation is an intangible quality in the sense that it is a symbol-a symbol of the potential and actual strengths of the parties in all of their relationships. Prestige reflects itself in the relationship of the parties to eac h other and especially to the employee in the plant. A unions basic strength lies in the support of its own membership (Peters, 85-86). Other factors that affect during talks are sign language, fringe issues, and negotiable factors. However, the most important tactics take place before the actual talks. Conveyour who approach the bargaining bench without sufficient factual information to handle the growing complexities of labor relationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦operate at a distinct disadvantage (Sloane, Witney, 213). Most larger unions and almost all major corporations today have their own research departments to gather data and conduct surveys. Only if both parties research and establish a framework for talks can they successfully obtain results within their range of acceptability. With this in mind, collective bargaining can mature to its desired rationality in the management-labor relationship. Conclusion By carefully reading the above matter we can say that cooperation plays an important and crucial role for the relationship between management and its employees and their trade union representatives and though it is not surprising that internationalization of management through the multinational cooperations and had adverse impact on the relationship and trade union strategies. There are several dimensions and concern of the trade union with respect to the multinational cooperations. There are number of advantages acquiring to the firms as their multinational nature. To counteract the strength of these multinational, trade union organizations have developed new institutional structures and strategic thrust. Trade union strengthing, legal regulation and cross national cooperative strategies are explored as they occur at every level of trade union movement. And the central role of these trade unions strategies is to the development of trade union bargaining capabilities. Words: 1480

Girls of Riyadh

Discuss in what ways Girls of Riyadh demystified or confirmed your gender perceptions of the quintessential Muslim society that Saudi Arabia is meant to represent. Girls of Riyadh is the poignant delineation of Saudi Arabia’s secluded society where young women who silently cherish westernized aspirations are weaved within the strict conventional web of the Arab law.Alsanea challenges the dictatorial and Islamist regimes of Saudi Arabia by contentiously incorporating prohibited issues such as homosexuality, the quest of love, sexuality and subjugation of the women in her work. She generally attempts to demonstrate â€Å"that a Western code of life in an Arab society is more preferable and suitable than the Islamic one† (Mubarak, 2011). Subsequently, she reiterates, between Muslims and the West, the existing chasm which is grounded on the latter’s perception of Islam as an obstruction to the Arab woman and her struggle for independence.This paper accordingly elucid ates the various ways this novel demystifies gender perceptions in the typical Muslim society that Saudi Arabia is meant to represent. The characterization of the four protagonists namely Gamrah, Sadeem, Michelle and Lamees condemns Islamist fundamentalism as misogynist and calls for autonomous and secular political legal frameworks. The text simultaneously divulges the prevailing inconsistency between the opposite sexes in the Saudi society.While Doumato (1992) articulates in her work that Arab women are prohibited to travel without their ‘mahram’ or male guardian, Abdulla (1981) further exposes the prevailing sex segregation in Arab countries where the Muslim girl is anticipated to learn how to become an ideal housewife to her husband and a successful mother to her children instead of looking forward to join competitive fields such as geology, meteorology and so on which are explicitly for the men.Alsanea, by applying western tints to her novel, defies the conservativ e Arab society with the emergence of her four female characters who confront the political culture of Saudi Arabia as a social force. With the proliferation of technology in the 21st century, Alsanea uses the Internet as a medium to communicate to her readers. By so doing, she connects both male and female readers in a country where â€Å"integration of the sexes, at least in public, is still non-existent† and where â€Å"veiling is enforced† (Bahry, 1982).The virtual interaction between Lamees and the other masculine cyber users remarkably contradicts the Arab society where such crossing point is out of question. The internet, â€Å"the narrative topological main figure† (Ghadeer, 2006), becomes also a space where the narrator and her virtual female characters (â€Å"I’ve decided to change all the names of the people I will write about†) interact with the youth culture anonymously to expose the horrendous principles of the Arab society. It additio nally acts as a prominent tool in shaping the feminine’s individualism.Lamees, for instance, teaches Gamrah how to make use of the internet which helps her to isolate herself from the bitter memories of Rashid’s betrayal: â€Å"With the help of Lamees, Gamrah got to know the world of chatting†. Alsanea provokes the conventional Saudi community as Lamees plunges in the virtual world to such an extent that she can even figure out the dissimilarities between men in Riyadh and those of the eastern and western provinces: â€Å"guys from Riyadh are a little different than the eastern province boys, and they’re different from the western province and so it goes†.Virtual communication hence reconstructs the existence of the wired Saudi girl beneath her abaya into an inquisitive connection of primitive culture and technology. Digital technology appropriates the reality of the Arab feminine personality as it enables her to show that she also has a voice. As such, this Arab feminine struggle broadens democratic space in the society as a whole (Esfandiari, 2004). At the same time as the author connects orality with the internet, she deliberately underlines the real and the fictional.According to Ghadeer, this new mode of writing does not signify that Alsanea is discarding the â€Å"old form of narration or suggesting its loss† but she uses this writing style to unveil the undeniable social taboos. This is evidenced as cyberspace readers respond to the prohibited subjects brought forward by Alsanea. The taboo issues as such become overtly discussed concerns. Um Nuwayyir, for example, is thunderstruck when she is informed that her son is â€Å"defining his sexual identity† because unlike in the West to be homosexual in the Arab countries signals â€Å"an utter calamity, an illness worse than cancer. The author dismantles the hypocritical attitudes toward homosexuality which she attests is a normal behaviour that should be ac cepted in any society and by so doing her work becomes a driving force against the traditional Arab community (Mubarak, 2011). In this way Alsanea thoroughly condemns the Islamic Arab communities and distinguishes them with Western civilization. Michelle, as evidence, perpetually laments about Riyadh for not being a city like the West where â€Å"Everyone was minding his own business. However as Nuwwayir ultimately identifies his masculinity the author unconsciously emphasizes that homosexuality has no place in a country like Riyadh where gender representation remains constantly stereotyped. It is likewise outrageous as Alsanea depicts the persistence of constraints on the binary interaction between the two sexes in Riyadh even when they are out of country. To escape from her grief Sadeem leaves for London where she becomes acquainted to Firas to whom she has to prove continuously that she is not of loose character since she does not wear the abaya and interacts openly with men.Als anea henceforth demonstrates that the severe conservative Arab rules exceed geography as well. To some extent the Saudi girl is not really liberated even if she is far from her native land. This feminine narration consequently stirs the whole media as it overtly discusses how the girls impersonate the opposite sex by travelling without any male guardian and flourish sexual desires instead of confining â€Å"their bodies to foggy corridors of old traditions and patriarchal taboos† (Ghadeer).In short, it does not completely share the view that â€Å"woman is to man as butter is to sun. † The novel also highlights issues which the society rejects and alleges that both sexes are prejudiced, thus protesting that Saudi Arabia â€Å"is a fruit cocktail of social classes where no class ever mixes with another. † Michelle, the half-American and half-Saudi girl, besides, cannot marry the man of her life as Faisal’s mother, who declares this relationship fruitless, rejects her. Similarly Rashid is forced by his family to marry a Saudi girl instead of his Japanese girlfriend.Nevertheless by leaving the former for his girlfriend suggests a courageous move on the part of Rashid since unlike Faisal he draws criticism in a nation whereby people are not authorized to date until married. Lamee likewise has to split her friendship with Fatimah simply because the Arab society does not favour Sunni-Shi’a interaction. The character of Um Nuwwayir in view of that is used as a pawn to the liberation of the young lovers. Her house becomes a space where the â€Å"hapless lovers† transcends the regulation denying the mixing of unmarried people: â€Å"Um Nuwayyir’s place was the safe haven par excellence for sweethearts. It is noteworthy that, until the subject of marriage crops up, the respective relationship of Michelle-Faisal and Lamees-Firas remains secured. In other words, the author portrays wedding as a theme, which communicates th e message that practically behind every matrimony, lies the trend of incomplete lost love. As a result, at the end of the novel Sadeem marries her cousin Tariq not because she loves him but to avenge the two previous men who almost devastated her. Faisal as well marries out of compulsion while Michelle and Gamrah remain single and the experiences of her friends guide Lamees to make the right choice in her life.Among the four girls she is the apparently the only one whose married life blossoms. As a matter of fact, as Clark in the work of Fiske (2005) explicates, the woman cannot fit choices to herself and the only option left to her is agreement, hence enunciating her conforming nature. Gamrah, divorced and left with a child, has to face the hurdles of her society, â€Å"shrinking, secretly and silently† since the norms of the society does not permit her a second marriage. Clark hence stipulates, â€Å"like the kitten †¦ her eye cannot help but follow the kaleidoscopic movement of the objects surrounding her. Like all the Saudi girls, the female characters must content themselves with their culture’s contradictory stances. Girls of Riyadh moreover reinforces the Orientalist stereotypes of the Arab women, either as the overtly eroticized, just like Sadeem whose erotic conduct is apparent as she â€Å"strewed across the sofa, the candles placed here and there †¦ the black nightgown that revealed more of her body than it concealed †, or as intensely subjugated women in the male dominated world, like Gamrah who has to live under the patriarchal rules.As the novel unravels, Alsanea nonetheless obliterates this orientalist perspective as she stresses that the Riyadh woman is not â€Å"a sexual symbol† or â€Å"closeted in the palace’s women’s quarters†(Mubarak). This is demystified as Michelle confronts Faisal by attending his wedding which depicts she is strong enough to resist his betrayal and is not in n eed of his ‘manly’ support. Similarly, Lamees weds someone of her own academic position which again delineates that she is not the ‘Other’.Ultimately this proves that the hetero image of the women perceived by Orientalism is falsified as Fanon (1965) clarifies, â€Å"It was the colonialist’s frenzy †¦ his gamble †¦ to bring this woman within his re ach, to make her a possible object of possession. † Throughout this essay, it is significant that the rules the Arab law transmits do not utterly correspond to the Islamic teachings which, Shands (2008) makes clear, have been misinterpreted as â€Å"media generally tend to judge Islam in the light of the behaviour and actions of some Muslims. Likewise while the Riyadh society surrounds the woman in its suffocating grip, Islam conversely advocates the protection of woman on men’s part. Esfandiari, in regard to this, articulates that the Islam practised in Nigeria or Saudi Arabia may not necessarily reciprocate to the Islam in Indonesia. Significantly the roles and privileges of women in any nation â€Å"are the product of its particularly history, culture, and political character. † As illustration, despite being literate the Riyadh woman is not supposed to sign: â€Å"The sheikh says fingerprint, not signature.The men are the only ones who sign their names. † This does not however means the same in other Arab countries like Egypt. This paper demonstrates that although Riyadh is compacted with severe regulations concerning the women, Alsanea overtly fights against them to reveal that her girls have the potential to enrich the society. Subsequently after confronting much obstacles the female characters identify their own individuality which push them to construct their advancement. They become the channel through which any Saudi girl can modify the cultural and social circumstances of any woman.In addition, the author reveals that the misrepresent ation of the Arab woman is due to the failure of the Western literature to comprehend her. Literature should henceforth be adopted as a means to approach â€Å"different cultures through the similarities and not differences† (Shaheen, 2001). Bibliography Alsanea, Rajaa. (2007). Girls of Riyadh. New York: The Penguin Press Cooke, Miriam. (2001). Women Claim Islam. New York: Routledge Fiske, John. (2005). Cultural Studies. New York: Routledge Fanon, Franz. (1965). A Dying Colonialism. United States of America: Grove Press Mubarak, A. 2001). Twenty-First Century Arab Feminism: a movement from Islamic to the Secular. An International Journal in English, pp 1-9 Sabbagh, Suha. (1996). Arab Women: Between Defiance and Restrain. Canada: Olive Branch Press Said, Edward. (1995). Orientalism. New York: Penguin Shands, Kerstin. (2008). Neither East Nor West. Sweden: Elanders Shaheen, J. (2001). Reel Bad Arabs: How Hollywood Vilifies a People. New York: New Olive Press Electronic Sources Bahry, L. (1982). The New Saudi Woman: Modernizing an Islamic Framework. Middle East Journal. Available From: http://www. jstor. rg/discover/10. 2307/4326467? uid=3738640&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101393752451 [Last Accessed on: 15. 11. 12] Booth, Marylin. (2010). The Muslim Woman as Celebrity Author and the Politics of Translating Arabic: The Girls of Riyadh Go on the Road. Indiana University Press. Available From: http://www. jstor. org/discover/10. 2979/MEW. 2010. 6. 3. 149? uid=3738640&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101393752451 [Last Accessed on: 15. 11. 12] Doumato, E. (1992). Gender, Monarchy, and National Identity in Saudi Arabia. Taylor&Francis Ltd. Available From: http://www. jstor. rg/discover/10. 2307/195431? uid=3738640&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101394015801 [Last Accessed on: 15. 11. 12] Esfandiari, H. (2004). The Woman Question. Wilson Quarterly. Available From: http://www. jstor. org/discover/10. 2307/40261249? uid=3738640&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101393752451 [Last Accessed on: 15. 11. 12] Ghadeer, M. (2006). Girls of Riyadh: A New Technology or Chick Lit Defiance Girls of Riyadh. BRILL. Available From: http://www. jstor. org/discover/10. 2307/4183570? uid=3738640&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101393752451 [Last Accessed on: 15. 11. 12]